Tag: MMC

File system, Hardware, NAND/NOR

Effect of file-system on sd card’s performance

Udit kumar agarwal / March 25, 2018

I had a task to compare different protocols( and their different implementations) like SD, SPI, SDIO(in FreeBSD’s MMCCAM implementation) by accessing SD Card. Now, for unbiased comparison, I must eliminate file system type in sd card from the equation. In this blog post, I’ll discuss/share my findings of the file-systems used for the card(SD and MMC) and how they affect its performance. So, let’s start with a very quick introduction to some basic concepts: Introduction MMC- Multimedia Card is a memory card unveiled in 1997 by SanDisk and Siemens based on NAND flash memory. eMMC is a regular MMC in…

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CAM, FreeBSD

Understanding FreeBSD’s CAM Framework

Udit kumar agarwal / March 18, 2018

This blog post presents a gist of Free BSD’s doc on CAM(here) and chapter 14 of the book FreeBSD device driver- A guide for intrepid. It gives an introduction to the CAM(Common access method), it’s applications, it’s working and it’s organization in FreeBSD. It is written to get myself a really good understanding of mmccam stack which is nothing but SDHC/SDIO protocols wired within the CAM framework. COMMON ACCESS METHOD CAM is a method for separating HBA adapters from storage adapters and is primarily used for SCSI. By separating these drivers it reduces the complexity of both the drivers.Furthermore, this…

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Hardware

Understanding SD, SDIO and MMC Interface

Udit kumar agarwal / March 17, 2018

TL;DR; MMC and SD-card have the same physical and electrical specifications but different software controls. They both are used as storage devices only. SDIO and SD-Combo cards, on the other hand, incorporate Input/Output functionality (like Bluetooth, Wifi, GPS, etc) without and with the storage facility respectively. So, an SD-Combo card can act as a wifi adapter along with a storage device. In this blog post, I will present a summary of the following document http://www.kaltech.co.il/pdf/Eureka_sd_wp1.pdf. This is meant for anyone willing to understand how removable devices like sd cards work and the different protocols/functionalities they support. Secure Digital (SD) memory…

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